Race Percentage by State in US 2025 | Statistics & Facts

Race Percentage by State in America in the US 2025

America stands at a pivotal moment in its demographic evolution as the nation continues its transformation into an increasingly diverse society. The racial composition of the United States has undergone remarkable changes over the past several decades, with 2025 marking a significant milestone in understanding how different communities are distributed across all 50 states. The latest U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2024 Population Estimates, released in June 2025 and covering data through July 1, 2024, provide the most comprehensive and current snapshot of race percentage by state in the US 2025. These statistics reveal not just numbers, but the living tapestry of American society, showing how immigration patterns, birth rates, and internal migration have reshaped the demographic landscape of every region from the Pacific Coast to the Atlantic seaboard.

Understanding race percentage by state in the US 2025 goes far beyond academic interest—these statistics directly influence congressional representation, federal funding allocation, education policy, healthcare planning, and economic development strategies. As of mid-2024, the total U.S. population reached 341.5 million people, with distinct racial and ethnic compositions varying dramatically from state to state. The data shows that seven states—California, Hawaii, New Mexico, Texas, Nevada, Maryland, and Georgia—have achieved “majority-minority” status, meaning no single racial group constitutes more than 50% of the population. This represents a fundamental shift in American demography and signals broader changes expected to sweep across additional states in coming years.

Interesting Facts About Race Percentage by State in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2024 Population Estimates (July 2024); U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates

Understanding Race Percentage Distribution in the US 2025

The statistics presented in the table above paint a compelling picture of America’s demographic transformation. California emerges as the nation’s most racially diverse state, where the 40% Latino population represents the largest single group, yet no race holds a clear majority. This diversity reflects decades of immigration from Latin America and Asia, combined with the state’s historic role as a gateway to the Pacific. The fact that 16% of Californians identify as Asian American or Pacific Islander—representing over 6 million people—demonstrates the significant influence of Asian immigration on the Golden State’s character. Meanwhile, the 6% Black population and 3% multiracial population contribute to a demographic mosaic unmatched anywhere else in the nation.

The emergence of seven states without a racial majority represents one of the most significant demographic trends in modern American history. Hawaii leads this group with its unique composition where Asian Americans form the largest single group at 55% of eligible voters, a legacy of historical immigration from Japan, China, the Philippines, and other Pacific nations. New Mexico follows with its substantial Hispanic population, while Texas joins this group driven by both its historic Mexican-American population and continued immigration from Latin America. The inclusion of Nevada, Maryland, and Georgia in this list signals that majority-minority status is no longer confined to traditional gateway states but has spread to the Mountain West, Mid-Atlantic, and Deep South regions. This geographic expansion of diversity has profound implications for national politics, business practices, and cultural norms.

Top 10 States by White Population Percentage in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates; World Population Review 2025

Analysis of Top 10 Whitest States in the US 2025

The geographic clustering of the whitest states in America reveals a clear pattern—nine of the top ten states are located in either northern New England or the northern Great Plains/Mountain West regions. Maine leads the nation with a remarkable 90.80% White population, followed closely by Vermont at 90.10% and West Virginia also at 90.10%. This concentration reflects historical settlement patterns dating back centuries, where European immigrants—particularly from Ireland, Germany, Italy, and Scandinavia—established communities that experienced relatively limited immigration from non-European sources throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. These states’ rural character, colder climates, and distance from major international ports of entry contributed to maintaining relatively homogeneous populations compared to coastal gateway cities.

However, these statistics should not suggest complete demographic stagnation. Even in Maine, the whitest state, the percentage of residents identifying as people of color has increased from approximately 5% in 2000 to over 9% in 2024, representing substantial change within a single generation. Vermont and New Hampshire, despite their overwhelming White majorities, have experienced growing refugee resettlement programs, particularly for Somali and Bhutanese communities, which are slowly diversifying previously homogeneous towns. The inclusion of West Virginia at 90.10% White represents a slight anomaly, as it’s the only southern state in the top ten, reflecting the state’s unique history of limited plantation agriculture and slavery compared to other southern states, which resulted in a smaller historical Black population.

Top 10 States by Black Population Percentage in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2024 1-Year Estimates; Office of Minority Health 2024

Understanding the Top Black Population States in the US 2025

The District of Columbia stands alone as the only U.S. jurisdiction where Black Americans constitute the largest racial group at 43%, though this represents a decline from over 70% in the 1970s due to gentrification and demographic shifts. Mississippi follows at 38%, maintaining its position as the state with the highest percentage of Black residents among the 50 states. This concentration in southern states reflects the enduring legacy of slavery and the plantation economy that dominated the region for centuries. The “Black Belt” region—stretching from Virginia through the Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana—continues to have the nation’s highest concentration of Black Americans, with these seven states accounting for approximately 40% of the entire U.S. Black population.

Georgia’s position at 33% Black represents both historical continuity and recent transformation. The state experienced significant Black migration during the Great Migration of 1910-1970, when millions moved north, but has since seen dramatic “reverse migration” with Black Americans moving to metropolitan Atlanta for economic opportunities in the 21st century. Atlanta has emerged as an economic and cultural powerhouse for Black America, attracting educated professionals and entrepreneurs. Maryland’s 32% Black population reflects the influence of nearby Washington D.C., with affluent Black suburbs in Prince George’s County having one of the highest concentrations of middle-class and upper-middle-class Black families in the nation. The presence of historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) across these states—including Howard University in D.C., Morehouse and Spelman in Georgia, and Alabama State University—continues to reinforce these states as centers of Black American life, education, and culture.

Top 10 States by Hispanic/Latino Population Percentage in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2024 1-Year Estimates; Office of Minority Health 2024

Hispanic Population Leadership Analysis by State in the US 2025

New Mexico holds the unique distinction of being the only mainland state where Hispanics constitute a plurality of the population at 49.1%, reflecting the state’s deep Spanish colonial heritage dating back to 1598, more than two decades before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock. Unlike most other states where Hispanic population growth resulted primarily from 20th-century immigration, New Mexico’s Hispanic population includes substantial numbers of Hispanos—descendants of original Spanish colonists who have lived in the region for over 400 years. This historical depth gives New Mexico’s Hispanic community a distinctive character, with unique cultural traditions, dialects of Spanish, and a political influence unmatched in any other state.

California and Texas, at 40.8% and 40.3% Hispanic respectively, together account for over 28 million Hispanic residents—representing more than 40% of the entire U.S. Hispanic population. California’s 16.1 million Hispanics make it home to the largest absolute Hispanic population, concentrated in Los Angeles County (over 4.9 million Hispanics), the Central Valley, and San Diego. The state’s proximity to Mexico, historical ties dating back to when California was part of Mexico until 1848, and continued immigration have created a Hispanic population with enormous economic, political, and cultural influence. Texas’s 12.3 million Hispanics include both families with roots dating back centuries and recent immigrants, concentrated along the 2,000-mile border with Mexico and in major cities like Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, and Austin. The inclusion of Arizona (32.1%), Nevada (30.6%), and Colorado (23.2%) demonstrates that Hispanic population concentration extends throughout the Southwest, where Spanish colonial influence and Mexican territorial history preceded American control.

Top 10 States by Asian American Population Percentage in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2024 1-Year Estimates; Office of Minority Health 2024; World Population Review 2025

Asian American Population Leadership by State in the US 2025

Hawaii stands in a category entirely its own with 38.95% of its population identifying as Asian American or Pacific Islander, making it the only state where Asian Americans constitute a plurality of the population. The state’s unique demographic composition reflects over 150 years of immigration history, beginning with Chinese laborers in the 1850s, followed by large-scale immigration of Japanese, Filipino, Korean, and other Asian groups to work on sugar and pineapple plantations from the 1860s through the 1940s. Today, Honolulu County has the highest percentage of Asian Americans of any county in the United States at 62%, creating a society where Asian cultural influences permeate politics, cuisine, language, and daily life in ways unmatched anywhere else in America.

California’s 15.8% Asian population—representing over 6.23 million people—makes it home to the largest Asian American population of any state by a substantial margin. The state hosts the nation’s largest populations of Chinese Americans (concentrated in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles), Filipino Americans (throughout the state), Vietnamese Americans (particularly Orange County’s Little Saigon, the largest Vietnamese community outside Vietnam), Korean Americans (Los Angeles’s Koreatown), and Indian Americans (Silicon Valley). The influence of Asian American communities extends far beyond their population percentage, particularly in technology, medicine, academia, and business. Washington state’s 10.6% Asian population is heavily concentrated in the Seattle metropolitan area, driven by the technology industry’s demand for highly skilled workers, with substantial Chinese, Indian, Vietnamese, and Filipino populations.

The East Coast representation—New Jersey (10.5%), New York (9.4%), Massachusetts (7.6%), Virginia (7.1%), and Maryland (6.9%)—demonstrates that Asian American population concentration is truly a bicoastal phenomenon. New Jersey hosts large Indian American communities in Edison and Jersey City (including the vibrant “Little India” neighborhood), along with substantial Chinese, Korean, and Filipino populations. New York City alone is home to over 1.2 million Asian Americans, including Chinatown in Manhattan, Flushing in Queens (the largest Chinese enclave), and Koreatown. The concentration in Virginia and Maryland reflects both the federal government’s attraction of highly educated Asian immigrants to the Washington D.C. area and the region’s growing technology sector.

White Population Distribution by State in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2024 Population Estimates; American Community Survey 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates

Analysis of White Population Trends by State in the US 2025

The geographic distribution of the White population reveals fascinating regional patterns that have emerged over centuries of American history. The states with the highest White percentages—Maine, Vermont, and New Hampshire—are all located in northern New England, a region that historically received less immigration from non-European sources throughout the 20th century. These three states maintain White populations exceeding 90%, though even these historically homogeneous states are experiencing gradual diversification through migration from more diverse parts of the country. Maine, with a median age of 44.8 years (the oldest in the nation), represents not just a demographically White state but also an aging one, which has significant implications for workforce development and economic growth.

The declining national White population, down 0.1% annually, marks a historic demographic shift. At 57.6% Non-Hispanic White nationally, America is steadily moving toward the Census Bureau’s projected inflection point around 2045 when Non-Hispanic Whites will constitute less than 50% of the total population. However, this national trend masks enormous state-level variation. States like Ohio (80.6% White), Pennsylvania (75.7% White), and Michigan (75.3% White) remain predominantly White, though all three are experiencing slow increases in Hispanic and Asian populations, particularly in major metropolitan areas like Cleveland, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and Detroit. Meanwhile, states like Florida have seen rapid diversification, with the White percentage declining as both Hispanic populations from Caribbean nations and Asian populations concentrate in major urban centers.

Hispanic/Latino Population by State in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2024 Population Estimates (July 2024); American Community Survey 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates

Hispanic Population Distribution Analysis by State in the US 2025

The Hispanic population represents the fastest-growing major demographic group in the United States, with a remarkable 2.9% annual growth rate that far outpaces all other racial and ethnic categories. California and Texas together account for over 27 million Hispanic residents, representing more than 42% of the entire U.S. Hispanic population. In California, the 40% Hispanic population has made Latinos the largest single ethnic group in the state, surpassing Non-Hispanic Whites for the first time in the 21st century. This demographic milestone reflects both continued immigration from Mexico and Central America and higher birth rates among Hispanic families. The 15.6 million Hispanic Californians are concentrated in Southern California, the Central Valley, and the San Francisco Bay Area, where they form the backbone of agricultural, service, and construction industries.

Texas presents an equally compelling story, with its 39.7% Hispanic population representing deep historical roots dating back centuries before Texas joined the United States. The state’s 11.5 million Hispanic residents—growing at 2.8% annually—are concentrated along the southern border in cities like El Paso, Laredo, and McAllen, but increasingly populate major metropolitan areas including Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, and Austin. New Mexico stands alone with Hispanics representing 49.3% of the population, making it the only mainland state where Hispanics constitute a plurality. This reflects the state’s unique history as part of Spanish colonial territory and Mexico before U.S. acquisition in 1848. The Florida Hispanic population, at 5.8 million and growing at 3.2% annually, differs from other states in its composition, with significant Cuban, Puerto Rican, Venezuelan, and Colombian populations alongside Mexican and Central American communities.

Black/African American Population by State in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2024 Population Estimates (July 2024); Pew Research Center Black Population Analysis (January 2025)

Black Population Geographic Distribution in the US 2025

The Black or African American population of 42.8 million people represents 12.6% of the nation’s total population and maintains its position as the second-largest racial minority group. The geographic distribution reveals the enduring legacy of historical migration patterns, particularly the Great Migration of the 20th century when millions of Black Americans moved from the rural South to industrial cities in the North, Midwest, and West. Texas now holds the distinction of having the largest Black population of any state at 3.6 million people, surpassing Georgia and Florida. This represents both the state’s large overall population and continued migration of Black families to dynamic metropolitan areas like Houston, Dallas-Fort Worth, and Austin, attracted by employment opportunities in energy, technology, and healthcare sectors.

The eight states that account for over 52% of all Black eligible voters—Texas, Florida, Georgia, California, New York, North Carolina, Illinois, and Maryland—demonstrate the continued concentration of Black populations in specific regions. Georgia, at 31.4% Black, maintains one of the highest percentages nationally and represents the heart of the historic “Black Belt” stretching across the Deep South. Maryland, at 30.8% Black, reflects the influence of Washington D.C.’s large Black population spilling into surrounding suburbs, particularly Prince George’s County, which has one of the highest Black populations and median incomes of any county in America. The District of Columbia stands alone as the only jurisdiction where the Black population of 318,598 exceeds the White population of 266,035, though this margin has narrowed in recent decades due to gentrification and changing migration patterns.

Asian American and Pacific Islander Population by State in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2024 Population Estimates (July 2024); Brookings Institution Analysis on Asian American Population (2025)

Asian American Population Growth and Distribution in the US 2025

Asian Americans represent the fastest-growing major racial group in the United States with an extraordinary 4.4% annual growth rate, more than doubling the Hispanic growth rate and dwarfing all other demographic categories. This explosive growth stems from continued high levels of immigration from East Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia, combined with relatively high educational attainment and income levels that facilitate family reunification. California dominates Asian American demographics with 6.3 million residents of Asian descent, representing 16% of the state’s population. The California Asian American community encompasses extraordinary diversity, including the nation’s largest populations of Chinese Americans (primarily in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles), Filipino Americans (throughout the state), Vietnamese Americans (particularly in Orange County and San Jose), Indian Americans (concentrated in Silicon Valley and Southern California), and Korean Americans (centered in Los Angeles’s Koreatown).

Hawaii presents a unique case where Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders represent 55% of eligible voters, making it the only state where Asians constitute a clear majority. This composition reflects Hawaii’s history as a crossroads of Pacific migration, with large populations of Japanese, Filipino, Chinese, and Native Hawaiian descent. The state’s Asian population dates back to the 19th century plantation era when workers were recruited from across Asia. The 56% of the nation’s Asian American voters concentrated in just five states—California, New York, Texas, Hawaii, and New Jersey—demonstrates the continued geographic clustering of Asian populations in coastal gateway cities and states. Metropolitan areas like Los Angeles, New York City, San Francisco, Seattle, Chicago, and Washington D.C. serve as major population centers, amplifying the economic and political influence of Asian American communities beyond what their 5.82% national population percentage might suggest.

Native American and Alaska Native Population by State in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2024 Population Estimates (July 2024); Bureau of Indian Affairs Tribal Recognition Data

Native American Population Distribution and Tribal Diversity in the US 2025

The Native American and Alaska Native population of approximately 2.9 million people represents 0.88% of the U.S. population, with a modest 0.3% annual growth rate. While numerically the smallest major racial category, Native Americans maintain cultural significance and political importance far exceeding their population percentage, particularly in states with large reservations and tribal lands. Arizona leads the nation with 296,732 Native American residents representing 4.1% of the state’s population, primarily concentrated on the vast Navajo Nation reservation (which extends into New Mexico and Utah), various Apache reservations, the Tohono O’odham Nation, and numerous other tribal lands. The Navajo Nation alone encompasses over 27,000 square miles and represents the largest land area held by any Native American tribe.

Oklahoma holds unique status in Native American history as the destination of forced relocations during the 19th century, particularly the Trail of Tears that removed the “Five Civilized Tribes”—Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole—from southeastern states. Today, Oklahoma’s 286,231 Native Americans representing 7.2% of the state population make it second only to Arizona in absolute numbers. The Cherokee Nation, headquartered in Tahlequah, Oklahoma, is the largest tribe in the United States with over 390,000 enrolled members, though many live outside Oklahoma. Alaska presents a different story with 98,600 Alaska Natives representing 13.4% of the state population, the highest percentage of any state. Alaska Native peoples include multiple distinct cultural groups—Inuit, Yupik, Aleut, and various Athabaskan and coastal peoples—each with unique languages, traditions, and land claims under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971.

Multiracial Population Growth by State in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2024 Population Estimates (July 2024); Brookings Institution Analysis on Multiracial Population Growth (2025)

Understanding Multiracial Population Dynamics in the US 2025

The multiracial population of 8.5 million people growing at 2.7% annually represents one of the most significant demographic trends in modern America. Since the 2000 Census first allowed Americans to select more than one racial category, the multiracial population has grown dramatically, reflecting both social changes in attitudes toward interracial relationships and shifting concepts of racial identity. The 2.7% annual growth rate places multiracial Americans as the third fastest-growing demographic group, surpassed only by Asian Americans and Hispanics. This growth far exceeds the 1.0% growth rate of the Black population and the 0.4% growth rate of the Native American population, while contrasting sharply with the 0.1% annual decline in the White population.

Geographic distribution of the multiracial population skews heavily toward Western states, particularly Hawaii, California, Alaska, Oklahoma, and Washington, where historical patterns of interracial marriage and more accepting social attitudes have created larger mixed-race communities. Hawaii leads with approximately 19% of its population identifying as multiracial, reflecting the state’s unique position as a crossroads of Pacific cultures where interracial marriage has been common for generations. The urban concentration is particularly notable, with major metropolitan areas like Los Angeles, San Francisco, Seattle, New York, and Washington D.C. hosting significantly higher percentages of multiracial residents compared to national averages. The demographic significance of the multiracial population extends beyond current numbers—among Americans under 18 years old, multiracial children represent 4.2% of the youth population, nearly double the overall national percentage, signaling that multiracial identity will continue growing rapidly in coming decades.

Regional Race Percentage Patterns in the US 2025

Data Source: U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2024 Population Estimates (July 2024); Regional demographic analysis

Regional Demographic Patterns and Their Implications in 2025

Understanding regional race percentage patterns reveals how geography, history, and economics shape America’s demographic landscape. The Northeast region, encompassing states from Maine to Pennsylvania, maintains its character as historically diverse with significant White, Black, and increasingly Hispanic and Asian populations. Cities like New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Newark serve as gateway cities that have welcomed immigrants for centuries, creating dense, multi-ethnic urban cores surrounded by more homogeneous suburbs. The region’s 60-75% White population represents a declining percentage as Hispanic populations grow in states like New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, while Asian populations expand in affluent suburbs known for excellent school systems.

The Southeast continues to reflect the profound legacy of slavery and Jim Crow segregation, with the highest concentration of Black Americans in the nation. The region’s “Black Belt”—named both for its rich, dark soil and its high Black population—stretches from Virginia through the Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, where Black residents constitute 20-35% or more of state populations. However, the 21st century has brought dramatic changes to the region, with rapid Hispanic population growth in metropolitan areas like Atlanta, Charlotte, Nashville, Raleigh, and Richmond. These cities have attracted both Hispanic immigrants and migrants from other U.S. regions, drawn by employment opportunities in construction, hospitality, and service industries, as well as a lower cost of living compared to coastal states.

The demographic trajectory of the United States through 2025 and beyond points toward continued diversification across virtually every state and region. Census Bureau projections through 2040-2060 indicate that the Non-Hispanic White population will continue its gradual numerical and percentage decline, falling below 50% of the national population sometime around 2045. However, this projection assumes continued immigration at levels similar to recent decades—approximately 1.5 million net immigrants annually. Any substantial changes to immigration policy could dramatically alter these projections. The Asian American population, currently growing at 4.4% annually, is projected to reach approximately 35-40 million by 2045, potentially becoming the nation’s second-largest minority group after Hispanics. Hispanic population projections suggest growth to 100-110 million by 2050, representing roughly 25-27% of the national population and transforming states like Georgia, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Virginia into majority-minority states.

The implications of these demographic shifts extend across every facet of American society. Politically, the changing racial composition of swing states like Arizona, Nevada, Georgia, and North Carolina has already begun reshaping electoral maps and campaign strategies. Economically, the younger age profile of Hispanic and Asian populations—compared to the aging White population—means these growing communities will increasingly drive workforce growth, entrepreneurship, and consumer spending. Educational institutions face the challenge of serving increasingly diverse student bodies while addressing persistent achievement gaps across racial lines. Healthcare systems must adapt to serve populations with different disease prevalence, cultural attitudes toward medicine, and language needs. Most fundamentally, America faces the ongoing challenge of building a truly inclusive society where the benefits of prosperity and the obligations of citizenship are shared equitably across all racial and ethnic communities, turning demographic diversity from a potential source of division into a wellspring of national strength and innovation.

Disclaimer: This research report is compiled from publicly available sources. While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, no representation or warranty, express or implied, is given as to the completeness or reliability of the information. We accept no liability for any errors, omissions, losses, or damages of any kind arising from the use of this report.

Email ID:

Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form.

Email

Email *

SUBSCRIBE